I-Nernst N2032-O2/CO okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye negesi evuthayo yokuhlaziya izingxenye ezimbili

Ibanga lohlelo lokusebenza

I-Nernst N2032-O₂/CO okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye negesi evuthayoi-analyzer enezingxenye ezimbilii-analyzer ebanzi engakwazi ukubona ngesikhathi esisodwa okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen, i-carbon monoxide kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuvutha enqubweni yokuvutha. Ingakwazi ukuqapha okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-carbon monoxide kugesi lomkhuhlane phakathi noma ngemva kokushiswa kwamabhayela, iziko, namakhilni.

Umlingani wokuhlaziya no-Nernst O₂/CO probe ingakala iphesenti lokuqukethwe komoyampilo O₂% kuflue nesithando somlilo, inani le-PPM le-carbon monoxide CO, inani lamagesi avuthayo angu-12 kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesithando somlilo esivuthayo ngesikhathi sangempela.

Izici zohlelo lokusebenza

Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-Nernst N2032-O₂/CO okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye negesi evuthayoi-analyzer enezingxenye ezimbili, abasebenzisi bangonga amandla amaningi futhi balawule ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhishwayo.

I-Nernst N2032-O₂/CO okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye negesi evuthayoi-analyzer enezingxenye ezimbiliubuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele obusebenzisa i-zirconia-head-head structure eyakhiwe ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yocwaningo futhi ingakala ngesikhathi esisodwa okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-carbon monoxide. Njengamanje kuwubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa be-in-line yangempela.Izindleko eziphansi, ukunemba okuphezulu, zingalinganiswa ku-inthanethi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zomswakama ophezulu kanye nezimo zothuli oluphezulu.

Enqubweni yokushiswa kwe-peroxygen, lapho i-fuel gas kanye ne-oxygen esekela ukuvutha ifinyelela iphuzu elithile lokulinganisa eliguquguqukayo, okuqukethwe kwe-carbon monoxide nakho kuzoshintsha ngoshintsho oluncane lwenani le-oxygen.Inguquko yokuqukethwe kwe-oxygen kanye noshintsho. Umkhuba we-carbon monoxide wakha umkhuba ofanayo obekwe phezulu.

Nernst O₂Umgomo wokulinganisa we-CO

UNernst O₂/I-CO probe inama-electrode amabili, angakwazi ukubona kokubili isignali yomoya-mpilo kanye nesignali evuthayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ngoba igesi evuthayo evuthayo engaphelele iqukethe i-carbon monoxide (CO), izinto ezivuthayo kanye ne-hydrogen (H₂).

Ingqamuzana le-oxygen ye-zirconia probe noma inzwa ye-oxygen isebenzisa amandla omoya-mpilo akhiqizwa ukugxiliswa kwe-oksijini okuhlukene ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-zirconia ekushiseni okuphezulu (okungaphezu kuka-650°C) ukukala okuqukethwe komoyampilo kwengxenye elinganisiwe.Ingaphandle ingxenye yophenyo yenziwe ngegobolondo lensimbi engagqwali noma igobolondo lensimbi ye-alloy, elakhiwe nge-alloy steel heater, ishubhu ye-zirconia, i-thermocouple, ucingo, ibhodi letheminali kanye nebhokisi, bheka umdwebo we-schematic.Ishubhu le-zirconia le-probe lifakwe igesi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweshubhu ye-zirconia ngokusebenzisa idivayisi ehambisanayo yokuvala.

Lapho izinga lokushisa lekhanda le-zirconia probe lifinyelela ku-650 ° C noma ngaphezulu nge-heater noma izinga lokushisa langaphandle, ukugxila okuhlukene komoyampilo ezinhlangothini zangaphakathi nangaphandle kuzokhiqiza amandla ahambisanayo e-electromotive ebusweni be-zirconia. Amandla kagesi angalinganiswa ngocingo oluholayo oluhambisanayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lengxenye lingalinganiswa ne-thermocouple ehambisanayo.

Uma ukugcwala komoyampilo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweshubhu le-zirconia kwaziwa, amandla ahambisanayo komoyampilo angabalwa ngokuvumelana nefomula yokubala engaba khona ye-zirconia.

Ifomula imi kanje:

E (amamilivolthi) =4F(RT)loge 

Lapho u-E engamandla omoya-mpilo, u-R igesi engaguquki, u-T inani lokushisa eliphelele, PO₂NGAPHAKATHI inani lokucindezela lomoya-mpilo ngaphakathi kweshubhu le-zirconia, kanye ne-PO₂NGAPHANDLE inani lokucindezela komoyampilo ngaphandle kweshubhu le-zirconia.Ngokwefomula, lapho ukugcwala komoyampilo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweshubhu le-zirconia kuhlukile, amandla ahambisanayo komoyampilo azokhiqizwa.Kungaziwa ngefomula yokubala ukuthi lapho ukugcwala komoyampilo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweshubhu ye-zirconia kuyafana, amandla omoya-mpilo kufanele abe ngu-0 millivolt (mV).

Uma ukucindezela komkhathi okujwayelekile kuwumkhathi owodwa futhi ukugcwala komoyampilo emoyeni kungu-21%, ifomula ingenziwa lula ukuze:

()

Uma amandla omoya-mpilo akalwa ngethuluzi lokulinganisa futhi ukugcwala komoyampilo ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kweshubhu le-zirconia kwaziwa, okuqukethwe komoyampilo kwengxenye elinganisiwe kungatholwa ngokuya ngefomula ehambisanayo.

Ifomula yokubala imi kanje: (Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa engxenyeni ye-zirconia kufanele libe likhulu kuno-650°C)

(%O₂) NGAPHANDLE (ATM) = 0.21 EXPT(-46.421E)

Ijika lesici

Lapho igesi elinganisiwe iqukethe i-O₂kanye ne-CO ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwenzwa kanye nomthelela we-catalytic we-platinum electrode endaweni yenzwa, O.₂kanye ne-CO izosabela futhi ifinyelele isimo sokulingana kwe-thermodynamic, i-PO₂ohlangothini olulinganisiwe lushintshile ukuze ukucindezela kwengxenye ye-oksijini ekulinganisweni kube yi-P'O₂.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngemva kokuba inzwa icushwe ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, inqubo ye-O₂kanye nokusabela kwe-CO okujwayele ukulingana kuhambisana nenqubo ye-O₂ukusabalala kokuhlushwa. Lapho ukusabela kufinyelela ekulinganisweni, ukusakazeka kwe-O₂ukugxilisa ingqondo futhi kuvame ukuzinza, ukuze ukucindezela kwengxenye ye-oksijini elinganiselwe ekulinganisweni kube yi-P'O₂.

Ukusabela okulandelayo kwenzeka endaweni engeyinhle ye-ZrO₂ibhethri:

1/2 O₂(PO₂)+CO→CO₂

Lapho ukusabela kufinyelela ekulinganisweni, i-O₂izinguquko zokuhlushwa, PO₂yehliselwe ku-P'O₂, kanye nokuguqulwa kwamangqamuzana omoya-mpilo wegesi kanye ne-O₂ku-matrix kukhona:

I-electrode engalungile:O₂ → 1/2 O₂(P'O₂)+2e

I-electrode eqondile:1/2 O₂(PO₂)+2e → O₂

Inqubo yokuhlukanisa ibhethri yile:1/2 O₂ (PO₂) → 1/2 O₂(P'O₂)

Uma amandla e-electromotive wenzwa eqhathaniswa nenani lamavukuzane egesi yokunciphisa i-oxidation, ijika liyijika lesici elifana nejika le-titration.

Ukuma kwaleli jika lesici ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elithile, ingcindezi kanye nezinga lokugeleza, inzwa efanayo inejika elifana ncamashi lesici sohlobo olufanayo lwesistimu yegesi.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya kanye negesi elinganisiwe ekugelezeni kwemvelo, ukuqhathaniswa kwamandla e-electromotive kanye nenani lama-moles we-O.₂-Isistimu ye-CO ngenzwa ye-zirconia iyi-λ (λ=no2 /nco noma iphesenti levolumu λ=O₂ × V %/OCO × V %) ijika lesici.

Lapho i-Pt-Al₂O₃I-catalyst ifakwe ku-600 ° C, i-CO ohlelweni lwe-aerobic ingaguqulwa ngokuphelele ibe yi-CO₂, ngakho igesi elinganisiwe iqukethe umoya-mpilo kuphela ngemva kokusha kwe-catalytic.

Ngalesi sikhathi, inzwa ye-zirconia ikala okuqukethwe komoyampilo okunembile. Ngenxa yobudlelwano begesi elinganisiwe ngaphansi kwesenzo sokusha kwe-catalytic, okuqukethwe kwe-CO kugesi elinganisiwe kungalinganiswa.Ubudlelwano phakathi kwefomula yokusabela kanye nenani ngaphambi nangemuva kokusha kwe-catalytic yegesi ekalilwayo yilobu kanje:

Ake sithi ukugcwala kwe-carbon monoxide kugesi elinganisiwe ngaphambi kwe-catalysis kube (CO), ukugcwala komoyampilo kungu-A1, kanye nokugcwala komoyampilo kugesi elilinganisiwe ngemuva kwe-catalysis ngu-A, bese:

Ngaphambi kokushisa:(CO) A1

Ngemuva kokushisa:O A

Bese:A=A1 – (CO)/2

Futhi:λ =A1 /(CO)

Ngakho:A=λ ×(CO)-(CO)/2

Umphumela:(CO)= 2A /(2λ-1)    (λ＞0.5)

Umgomo wesakhiwo se-O₂/CO probe

I-O₂/I-CO probe yenze izinguquko ezihambisanayo ngesisekelo se-probe yasekuqaleni ukuze kuqashwe umsebenzi omusha wokulawula ukuvutha.Ngaphezu kokuthola okuqukethwe komoyampilo phakathi nenqubo yokusha, uphenyo lungakwazi futhi ukubona izinto ezivuthayo ezingaphelele (CO/H).₂), ngoba i-carbon monoxide (CO) ne-hydrogen (H₂) kuhlala ku-flue gas yokusha okungaphelele.

I-probe iyisici esiyisisekelo esisebenzisa isimiso se-electrochemical ngemva kokushisisa i-zirconia ukuze ibone isilinganiso.

A. O₂i-electrode (iplatinamu)

B. COe electrode (iplatinamu/insimbi eyigugu)

C. Lawula i-electrode (iplatinamu)

Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-probe yi-zirconia composite sheet eshiselwe epayipini le-corundum ukuze lenze ithubhu elivalwe futhi livezwe esiteshini segesi se-flue sesistimu yokuvutha.Ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo izingxenye zokugqwala ekulimazeni ama-electrode ukwandisa impilo yesevisi.

Imisebenzi ye-COe electrode kanye ne-O₂ama-electrode ayafana, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwama-electrode amabili yizici ze-electrochemical kanye ne-catalytic yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuze izingxenye ezivuthayo kugesi lomkhuhlane njenge-CO no-H.₂ingabonakala futhi ibonwe.Esimeni sokusha ngokuphelele, i-voltage ye-UO ye-"Nernst" UO₂kwakhiwa futhi ku-electrode ye-COe, futhi lawa ma-electrode amabili anezici zejika ezifanayo. Lapho ithola izinto ezivuthayo ezingaphelele noma ezivuthayo, i-voltage engeyona ye-“Nernst” UCOe izokwakhiwa ku-electrode ye-COe, kodwa amajika ayisici ama-electrode amabili ahamba ngokuhlukana. (Bheka amagrafu avamile azo zombili izinzwa)

Isiginali ye-voltage UCO/H₂yenzwa iyonke isignali kagesi elinganiswa nge-COe electrode. Lesi siginali sihlanganisa amasignali amabili alandelayo:

UCO/H₂(inzwa ephelele) = UO₂(okuqukethwe komoyampilo) + UCO₂/H₂(izingxenye ezivuthayo)

Uma okuqukethwe komoyampilo kulinganiswa yi-O₂I-electrode ikhishwa kusiginali yenzwa ephelele, isiphetho sithi:

I-UCOe (ingxenye evuthayo) = UCO/H₂(inzwa ephelele)-UO₂(okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen)

Ifomula engenhla ingasetshenziswa ukubala ingxenye evuthayo ye-COe elinganiswa ngo-ppm.Inzwa ye-probe iyisici esivamile sesignali ye-voltage.Igrafu ibonisa ijika elivamile (umugqa odeshisiwe) wokugxila kwe-COe lapho okuqukethwe komoyampilo kuncipha kancane kancane.

Lapho ukushiswa kungena endaweni engenawo umoya, endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi "i-emission edge", lapho umoya onganele ubangela ukuvutha okungaphelele, ukuhlushwa kwe-COe okuhambisanayo kuzokwanda kakhulu.

Izici zesignali ezitholiwe ziboniswa kumdwebo wejika le-probe.

UO₂(umugqa oqhubekayo) kanye ne-UCO/H₂(umugqa wamachashazi).

Uma umoya uyinsada futhi ukusha kungenayo ngokuphelele izingxenye ze-COe, isignali yenzwa ethi UO₂kanye ne-UCO/H₂ziyefana, futhi ngokomgomo we-"Nernst", okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen yamanje yesiteshi segesi ephuma ku-flue kuyaboniswa.

Uma usondela “onqenqemeni lokukhipha”, isignali ye-voltage yenzwa iyonke i-UCO/H₂ye-electrode ye-COe ikhuphuka ngenani elingenakulinganiswa ngenxa yesignali eyengeziwe ye-non-Nernst COe. Ezicini zesignali kagesi yenzwa: UO₂kanye ne-UCO/H₂uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo kusiteshi segesi ephuma ku-flue, izici ezijwayelekile zengxenye evuthayo ye-COe nazo ziyaboniswa lapha.

Ngaphezu kwamasignali kagesi wezinzwa UCO/H₂kanye UO₂, inzwa eguqukayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpawu ze-dU O₂/dt kanye ne-dUCO/H₂/dt futhi ikakhulukazi uhla lwesignali eguquguqukayo ye-electrode ye-COe ingasetshenziswa ukukhiya “unqenqema lokuphuma” kokusha.

(Bheka “Ukushiswa okungaphelele: uhla lokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi we-COe electrode UCO/H₂“)

Izici zobuchwepheshe

•Umsebenzi wokufaka we-Dual probe: I-analyzer eyodwa ingahlonyiswa ngama-probe amabili, angonga izindleko zokusebenzisa futhi athuthukise ukuthembeka kokulinganisa.

•Umsebenzi wokuphuma okuningi: I-analyzer ine-4-20mA ephumayo yesiginali yamanje kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana kwekhompyutha nekhompyutha RS232 noma isixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi RS485. Ishaneli eyodwa yokuphuma kwesignali ye-oxygen, enye ishaneli yokuphuma kwesignali ye-CO.

•Ibanga lokulinganisa: Ibanga lokulinganisa komoyampilo liyi-10^-30kuya ku-100% wokuqukethwe komoyampilo, kanye nebanga lokulinganisa i-carbon monoxide ngu-0-2000PPM.

•Ukulungiselelwa kwe-alamu:I-analyzer inokukhishwa kwe-alamu oku-1 okujwayelekile kanye nokuphumayo kwe-alamu oku-3 okuhlelekayo.

• Ukulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo:I-analyzer izoqapha ngokuzenzakalelayo amasistimu ahlukahlukene asebenzayo futhi ilinganise ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze iqinisekise ukunemba kwe-analyzer ngesikhathi sokulinganisa.

•Isistimu ehlakaniphile:I-analyzer ingaqedela imisebenzi yezilungiselelo ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezilungiselelo ezinqunywe kusengaphambili.

•Bonisa umsebenzi wokuphumayo:I-analyzer inomsebenzi oqinile wokubonisa amapharamitha ahlukahlukene kanye nomsebenzi oqinile wokukhipha nokulawula wamapharamitha ahlukahlukene.

•Umsebenzi wokuphepha:Lapho isithando somlilo singasasebenzi, umsebenzisi angakwazi ukulawula ukucisha i-heater ye-probe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

•Ukufaka kulula futhi kulula:ukufakwa kwe-analyzer kulula kakhulu futhi kukhona ikhebula elikhethekile lokuxhuma ne-zirconia probe.

Imininingwane

Okokufaka

• I-zirconia probe eyodwa noma amabili noma i-zirconia probe eyodwa + inzwa ye-CO

• I-Flue noma i-thermometer eyisipele yohlobo K, R, J, S

• Okokufaka kwesignali yokuhlanza igesi yokucindezela

• Ukukhetha amafutha amabili ahlukene

• Ukulawulwa kokusebenza okuphephile okuvikela ukuqhuma (kusebenza kuphela kuphenyo olushisayo)

Imiphumela

Okukhipha isignali okubili okungu-4～20mA DC (umthamo omkhulu ongu-1000Ω)

• Ububanzi bokuqala bokuphumayo (kuyakhetheka)

Okukhiphayo komugqa 0～1% kuya ku-0～100% okuqukethwe komoyampilo

Okukhipha i-Logarithmic 0.1-20% okuqukethwe komoyampilo

Ukukhishwa kwe-Micro-oxygen 10^-39kuye 10^-1okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen

• Ibanga lesibili lokuphumayo (lingakhethwa kokulandelayo)

Okuqukethwe kwe-Carbon monoxide (CO) inani le-PPM

I-Carbon dioxide (CO₂)%

Isilinganiso segesi esivuthayo senani le-PPM

Ukusebenza kahle komlilo

Ilogu inani le-oxygen

Inani lomlilo we-anoxic

Izinga lokushisa lomkhuhlane

Isibonisi Sepharamitha Yesibili

• I-Carbon monoxide carbon (CO) PPM

• Ukusebenza kahle kwegesi evuthayo

• I-voltage ephumayo yokuhlola

• Izinga lokushisa lophenyo

• Izinga lokushisa le-ambient

• Usuku lwenyanga yonyaka

• Umswakama wendawo

• Izinga lokushisa lomkhuhlane

• Phenya i-impedance

• Inkomba ye-Hypoxia

• Isikhathi sokusebenza nesokugcina

Ukuxhumana ngekhompyutha/ngephrinta

I-analyzer inembobo ye-serial ephumayo engu-RS232 noma RS485, engaxhunywa ngokuqondile kutheminali yekhompyutha noma iphrinta, futhi uphenyo kanye nethuluzi kungatholwa ngekhompyutha.

Ukuhlanza uthuli kanye nokulinganiswa kwegesi okujwayelekile

I-analyzer inesiteshi esingu-1 sokususa uthuli kanye nesiteshi esingu-1 sokulinganisa igesi okujwayelekile noma amashaneli angu-2 okukhipha ukulinganisa kwegesi okujwayelekile, kanye neswishi ye-solenoid valve engasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngesandla.

UkunembaP

± 1% wokufundwa komoya-mpilo kwangempela ngokuphindaphinda okungu-0.5%. Isibonelo, ku-2% umoya-mpilo ukunemba kungaba ± 0.02% komoyampilo.

Ama-alamuP

I-analyzer inama-alamu ajwayelekile angu-4 anemisebenzi ehlukene engu-14, nama-alamu angu-3 ahlelekayo. Ingasetshenziselwa amasiginali ayisixwayiso njengokuqukethwe komoyampilo okuphezulu nokuphansi, i-CO ephezulu nephansi, namaphutha okuhlola namaphutha okulinganisa.

Bonisa ububanziP

Bonisa ngokuzenzakalela okungu-10^-30～100% O2 okuqukethwe komoyampilo kanye nokuqukethwe okungu-0ppm～2000ppm CO carbon monoxide.

I-reference gasP

Ukunikezwa komoya ngephampu ye-micro-motor vibration.

Amandla Ruireqements

85VAC kuya ku-264VAC 3A

Izinga Lokushisa Lokusebenza

Izinga Lokushisa Lokusebenza -25°C kuya ku-55°C

Umswakamo Ohlobene 5% ukuya ku-95% (okungafinyeleli)

Izinga Lokuvikeleka

IP65

IP54 enephampu yomoya eyinkomba yangaphakathi

Ubukhulu nesisindo

300mm W x 180mm H x 100mm D 3kg